Hiragana chart

All 104, with nothing else on the page. Hit print; it is laid out to fit one sheet in black and white.

Dakuten and handakuten: 25 more

Two marks. voices a consonant (k→g, s→z, t→d, h→b); turns h into p. No new shapes to learn.

a
i
u
e
o
g
ga
gi
gu
ge
go
z
za
ji
zu
ze
zo
d
da
ji
zu
de
do
b
ba
bi
bu
be
bo
p
pa
pi
pu
pe
po

Yōon: 33 combinations

A full-size kana ending in i, plus a small ya, yu or yo. The two blend into one syllable.

ya
yu
yo
ky
きゃ kya
きゅ kyu
きょ kyo
sh
しゃ sha
しゅ shu
しょ sho
ch
ちゃ cha
ちゅ chu
ちょ cho
ny
にゃ nya
にゅ nyu
にょ nyo
hy
ひゃ hya
ひゅ hyu
ひょ hyo
my
みゃ mya
みゅ myu
みょ myo
ry
りゃ rya
りゅ ryu
りょ ryo
gy
ぎゃ gya
ぎゅ gyu
ぎょ gyo
j
じゃ ja
じゅ ju
じょ jo
by
びゃ bya
びゅ byu
びょ byo
py
ぴゃ pya
ぴゅ pyu
ぴょ pyo

How to read this chart

Three things confuse everyone the first time.

  • Read down the left, then across the top. The row is the consonant and the column is the vowel, so the k row under the a column is (ka). Every syllable in Japanese is one of these, which is why the grid is 5 columns wide and not 26 letters long.
  • Five cells do not follow the pattern. し is shi, not si. ち is chi. つ is tsu. ふ is fu. ん is the only kana that is a consonant on its own. They are spelled the way they are actually pronounced, not the way the grid predicts.
  • The second and third grids are not new shapes. The voiced set adds one mark to a basic kana; the yōon set is a kana ending in i with a small ya, yu or yo after it. Learn the 46 and you can already read the other 58.

Printing it

There is no PDF to download, because the page is the PDF.

  • Press Ctrl/Cmd + P. The header, footer, navigation and speaker buttons are dropped by the print stylesheet, so the sheet is the grids and their headings and nothing else.
  • It is laid out for A4 and US Letter portrait in black and white. Leave backgrounds off; nothing on the sheet depends on colour.
  • To print one grid only, use your browser's page range: the basic 46 are on the first page, the voiced and yōon sets follow.

Once it is on the wall, practise the rows you have covered →